Posttraumatic Stress Disorder - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1011 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category Health Essay Level High school Topics: PTSD Essay Did you like this example? Posttraumatic stress disorder also known as PTSD is a disorder resulting from the exposure to a major stressor, with symptoms of anxiety, dissociation, nightmares, poor sleep, reliving the event, and concentration problems, lasting for more than 1 month; symptoms may appear immediately or not occur until six months or later after the traumatic event. Many people think of posttraumatic stress disorder as a disease that cannot be fixed but it simply is very normal for someone to feel afraid after suffering from a traumatic event (Ciccarelli, White, 2017) The effects of PTSD are not limited to a certain age group, gender, or societal class. Approximately, over 13 million Americans will suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder within their lifetime. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder" essay for you Create order During the process of developing PTSD there are many signs and symptoms from which an individual may suffer. Throughout this time, it is highly suggested that an individual seek help to aid in coping. As many years have passed by there has been a stigma placed on this disease that you shouldnt go get help but there are many outlets an individual can use to receive treatment. Many individuals within the military will develop some kind of PTSD within their career. Some cases are heard, and some are hidden. Posttraumatic stress disorder is not a disease that cannot be treated, but a disorder that can be corrected by the hands of the nation. Signs and Symptoms In order to be diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder you must have certain symptoms for at least one month. These symptoms can be broken down into four different type of section such as re-experiencing symptoms, avoidance symptoms, arousal and reactivity symptoms or cognition and mood symptoms. The symptoms are all grouped differently with other that share the same characteristics. Re-experiencing symptoms include flashbacks, bad dreams, and frightening thoughts. Avoidance symptoms include staying away from places or events that are reminders of the experience or avoiding thoughts or feelings related to the traumatic event. Arousal and reactivity symptoms include being startled easily, feeling tense, or having difficulty sleep or having angry outbursts. Last but not least cognition and mood symptoms include trouble remembering key features, negative thoughts about oneself, distorted feelings like guilt or blame, and the loss of interest in enjoyable symptoms. Children may have symptoms such as wetting the bed, forgetting how to talk, or being very clingy with a parent. One major factor that coincides with cognition symptoms is the thought of suicide. In the article A Prospective Investigation of the Impact of Distinct Posttraumatic (PTSD) Symptom Clusters on Suicidal Ideation, the authors discuss the correlation between posttraumatic stress disorder and the development of suicide. The article states after the research is complete that This finding suggests that hyperarousal symptom cluster is the most critical PTSD symptom cluster in relation to suicidal ideation and emphasizes the need for continuously monitoring and therapeutically targeting hyperarousal symptoms to prevent suicidal ideation in people with PTSD symptoms (Panagioti, Anglekis, Tarrier, Gooding, 2017, p 645). Posttraumatic stress disorders have many of symptoms and signs but also have many outlets with things to do and places to go to receive treatment. Treatments There are many treatments to address the symptoms of PTSD. It is very beneficial if an individual chooses a treatment plan that includes their preferences. The most used treatment plans include psychotherapy and medication. Cognitive Process Therapy is a behavioral therapy that addressed negative thoughts and self-blame. Another psychotherapy treatment includes Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing. This includes the measuring of exposure to memories with stimuli. The Exposure Therapy is used to expose an individual to the traumatic event to allow the member to get used to it. Group Therapy is a treatment that includes others that have been through a traumatic event. The use of psychotherapy and medication together is classified as the best results. Medications used for posttraumatic stress disorder include antidepressants, serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and medical marijuana. Some other examples of treatments for PTSD include yoga, aqua therapy, acupuncture, mindfulness and meditation strategies and practices, and even a service dog. A great number of Americans that suffer from PTSD have served or is currently serving military. Military Members. As a member in the military there is always an increased risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder. This can be caused my many things such as a deployment, bullets firing in a war zone or an improvised explosive device detonating. In the article, PTSD Intervention with Military Service Member Parents: A Call for Relational Approaches the authors discuss the unique challenges on service members and their family. The article states, The extensive impact of PTSD on service members who have deployed post-9/11 has been well documented (Kok, Herrell, Thomas, Hoge, 2012); PTSD has been shown to interfere substantially with mission readiness, quality of social and family life, and parenting. In fact, a number of studies have shown that the severity of PTSD symptoms is inversely correlated with both spousal and child relationship quality and stability (DeVoe, Dondanville, Blakenship, Hummel, 2018, p 41). It is clear that PTSD not only affects the member when they ar e in service but affects the relationship with their family when they come home. Most troops are given an assessment upon return of home coming and encouraged to receive treatment if needed. Conclusion There is no timestamp on trauma. There isnt a formula that you can insert yourself into to get from horror to healed. Be patient. Take up space. Let your journey be the balm. (Serra) Post-traumatic stress disorder is a disorder that develops in some people who have experiences a shocking, scary, or dangerous event. There are many signs and symptoms of an individual with post-traumatic stress disorder but there is also a various number of treatments to assist with this disorder. As military troops serve this country, they should be served with an enormous amount of respect for the environments and conflicts they are placed in. As a society we should join in hands and let it be known that this is natural to fear and be scared of certain events, but we can overcome this disorder.

The Film And The Band Played On The Aids Crisis - 988 Words

The film And the Band Played On illustrates the AIDS crisis in the 1980s. In 1981, Dr. Don Francis notices an increase in deaths due to an illness among gay men in cities. As the number of deaths rapidly grows, Dr. Francis is forced to do his work with little money and outdated equipment as he tries to find possible causes of this rapidly spreading disease. Doctors, the Center for Disease Control, and citizens try to figure out if the disease is spread sexually, through blood or bodily secretions. The film And the Band Played On shows the reaction from the government, the Center for Disease Control, and normal citizens of the United States when this mysterious disease emerges. For example, in 1985 hysteria broke out across Queens when the New York City Board of Education announced that children with AIDS could attend public schools with healthy children. Parents protested against this in fears their children may contract this deadly disease with no known cause. Parents believed that their parental instinct and community control should trump what little known information about the disease that the NYC Board of Education was using. This event is described in Jennifer Brier’s article â€Å"‘Save Our Kids, Keep AIDS Out’: Anti-AIDS Activism and the Legacy of Community Control in Queens, New York†. At the end of this article and the film, citizens gain a better understanding for this disease and how it is transmitted. As hysteria broke out in Districts 27 and 29 of Queens, parentsShow MoreRelatedFilm And The Band Played On By Roger Spottiswoode Essay1682 Words   |  7 PagesWhat are the major theme(s) of the film? Hint use the concepts presented in class to guide your answer. Provide examples to demonstrate meaning. (6 marks) In the film And the Band Played On by Roger Spottiswoode, the major themes revealed throughout the film is the lack of participation from the governments behalf on this epidemic, divisional of private and public sectors and medical dominance between medical researchers. In this epidemic outbreak the government showed a lack of insensitivity towardsRead MoreFilm Critique Paper: and the Band Played on1627 Words   |  7 PagesFilm Critique Paper And the Band Played On The movie is about the first couple years of AIDS, mostly in the United States. It tells the political as well as the scientific struggle that occurred with the discovery of AIDS. The main character Dr. Don Francis heads the research of AIDS with little money and little help. This was because AIDS was considered the â€Å"gay man’s disease† and there was more emphasis on who discovered the disease than actually helping those who had it. Basically, theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Band Played On 1261 Words   |  6 PagesINSERT SURNAME 1 Author Tutor Course Date Words I Never Said And the Band Played on is a movie that illustrated the AIDs crisis in the 1980s and the early 1990s. The movie did touch on subjects concerning the reaction of the gay community, the heterosexual community, and the medical community. It shows not only the AIDs research but also how the US government dealt with it (Curran, 56). The movie shows the consequences the gay community experienced, the plight of the medical community in investigatingRead MoreWorld Trade Center a True Story of Courage and Survival a Movie Critique Re-Plan of Action1193 Words   |  5 PagesStep 4 - Equip personnel and country with nuclear fall out protection training. `This film was based on the lives of two  port authority officers  John McLoughlin, played by Nicolas Cage  and  Will Jimeno, played by Michael Peà ±a. They were numbers 18 and 19 of the total 20 survivors found onsite in the rubble. This true story was written by Andrea Berloff and directed by Oliver Stone. Survival skills and crisis response occurred between the two officers recovered from the disaster. Will Jimeno hadRead MoreHow Music Has Impacted My Life Essay1524 Words   |  7 PagesMusic has always played an important role in my life. Even as a student of film, I tell stories inspired by song lyrics, for the words, rhythms, and instruments of rock music have impacted my life to an unimaginable extent. Whenever I edit video, the underscore is vital. When I write a script, there s a poetic sound, a lyricism to the dialogue. I would not even be here in Los Angeles if not for artists such as Courtney Love and Jared Leto, who cross boundaries between music and film. In particularRead MoreDr. Gallo And The Band Played On Essay2087 Words   |  9 PagesAnd the Band Played On surprised me with its intricate character development. I found myself becoming attached to characters and heartbroken as I found they had contracted the HIV virus and made me root for research to find a vaccine or cure. Out of the characters presented in the film, I decided to focus on two main ones: Dr. Robert Gallo and Dr. Don Francis. These two characters stood out because they were so contrasting to one another. I also felt myself becoming angry at these characters andRead MoreMusic as a Stress Reliever1339 Words   |  5 PagesTrip to Coontown† was produced, written, organized and performed by African Americans, followed by many more productions. Musical theater’s strongest comedy years were the 1920s and 30s when shows such as â€Å"Ok, Kay!†, â€Å"Funny Face†, â€Å"Strike up the Band†, and â€Å"Anything Goes† were released. In the 1960s rock Musicals became incredibly successful such as â€Å"Hair†, which used modern lighting such as strobe lights and including mature contents such as sex and drugs (Encyclopedia Britannica). Today musicalsRead MoreEssay about Three Approaches to Coping with School Violence2647 Words   |  11 Pagesfirst is a solution firmly fixed within the context of â€Å"crisis management† (and there are many schools in which vio- lence has already created a lot of crises that need man- aging); the second is a long-term solution for which all teachers—not just English teachers—need to take responsibility; and the third is lodged firmly within the domain of the English curriculum in particular. Crisis Management The crisis management solution has to do with strategies of surveillanceRead MoreThe 1930s Essays2163 Words   |  9 Pagessound and that a new era of prosperity was just about to begin, many factories closed, unemployment steadily increased, banks failed in growing numbers, and the prices of commodities steadily fell. The administration began to take steps to combat the crisis. Among the measures taken were the granting of emergency appropriations for farm relief and public works, modification of the rules of the Federal Reserve System to make it easier for people in business and farming to obtain credit, and the establishmentRead MoreThe Impact of Technology on the Music Industry: a Study Into How Organisations Adapt in a Rapidly Evolving Business Environment7559 Words   |  31 Pagesorganisations adapt in a rapidly evolving business environment Profile - Sam Ford from UK Indie band One Night Only. The Group have recorded a top 10 hit on the Top 40 UK Singles Chart in 2008 from their debut album â€Å"Started a Fire†. From your debut album Started a Fire, you had a top 10 hit with â€Å"Just For Tonight†. What did it take you to get to the point? How did you market and promote your band to get to this point, did it start from how much of it was your own promotion and how did your record

Quiz 1 Free Essays

string(30) " human society because _____\." Part 1 of 1 – 92. 0/ 100. 0 Points Question 1 of 25 4. We will write a custom essay sample on Quiz 1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now 0/ 4. 0 Points Which one of the following is not a system? A. a leaf B. a tree C. a mountain range D. Earth Correct E. All of these are examples of systems Answer Key: E Feedback: See â€Å"The system concept† in Chapter 1. All of the above examples are described as systems. â€Å"A system may be large or small, simple or complex (Figure 1. 6). It could be the contents of the beaker in a laboratory experiment or the contents of an ocean. A leaf is a system, but it is also part of a larger system (a tree), which is part of a still larger system (a forest). â€Å"This figure shows a variety of systems. The entire diagram – mountains, river, lake – is one kind of system known as a watershed. The individual pieces enclosed by boxes, such as the river, are also systems. Even a small volume of water or lake sediment (foreground boxes) can be considered a system. † Figure 1. 6, p. 9 â€Å"The Earth itself is a very close approximation to a closed system. † Question 2 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points In the illustration below, which of the three models depicts an â€Å"open system? A. Model A B. Model B Correct C. Model C D. Models A and B E. None of the above Answer Key: C Feedback: â€Å"A closed system is one that does not allow matter to pass through its boundaries (but may allow energy). An open system allows both matter and energy to pass through its boundaries. † Question 3 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points The figure below depicts the evolution of the solar system. During which stage would the process of nuclear fusion begin? A. Stage 1 B. Stage 2 Correct C. Stage 3 D. Read also Quiz Week 4 Stage 4 E. Choices 3 and 4 Answer Key: C Feedback: â€Å"3. Contraction raises temperature; process of nuclear fusion begins in central bulge – Sun begins to shine. Outer disk cools – now contains wide swath of rock debris. Larger chunks of debris begin to attract smaller chunks by gravity, thereby growing larger (accretion). † Question 4 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points The cloud of gas and dust from which the moons and planets of our solar system eventually formed is called a _____. Correct A. nebula. B. condensation cloud. C. nuclear cloud. D. accretionary nebula. Answer Key: A Feedback: â€Å"The nebular hypothesis, originally formulated by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant in 1755 and now widely accepted as the best description of planetary formulation, hypothesizes that the solar system coalesced out of a swirly cloud of interstellar dust and gas called a nebula. † â€Å"Cloud of matter (nebula) begins to contract gravitationally. Process may have been initiated or accelerated by shock waves from supernova explosion (not shown). † Question 5 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points Our Sun was born ______ years ago. A. 456 million B. 4. 56 million Correct C. 4. 56 billion D. 45. 6 billion E. None of the above Answer Key: C Feedback: Explained in â€Å"The Origin of the Solar System†. Question 6 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points Differentiation of the inner planets probably means that each of the rocky planetary bodies _____. A. started out with a cold exterior that was heated by the sun. B. lost temperature early in its history. C. went through a period with thick atmospheres. Correct D. started out hot enough to melt, either partially or completely. E. Choices 1 and 2 Answer Key: D Feedback: Why is the accretion history of planets important to geologists? Because of the heat generated by collisions, every rocky planet probably started out hot enough to melt either partially or completely. During the period of partial melting, terrestrial planets separated into layers of differing chemical composition, a process called differentiation. Question 7 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points Which of the inner planets has an atmosphere too thin to retain much heat and has an average surface temperature of -63 ° Celsius? A. Mercury B. Venus C. Earth Correct D. Mars E. None of the above Answer Key: D Feedback: See Table 1. 1 on page 22. Question 8 of 25 4. 0/ 4. Points The Principle of Uniformitarianism tells us that _____. A. Earth is extremely old B. Earth systems don’t change much over geologic time C. the present is the key to the past Correct D. all of the above are true E. Choices A and B Answer Key: D Feedback: pp. 24-25 Question 9 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points Over Earth history, though the processes that occur on Earth have not changed, the _____. A. rates of the different cycles such as the rock cycle and plate tectonics have differed over time. B. temperature and composition of the atmosphere has been dramatically different in the past. C. level of the oceans has fluctuated. D. location of the continents has varied over time. Correct E. All of the above are true. Answer Key: E Feedback: â€Å"When we extrapolate these imperceptibly slow motions over millions of years, we discover a stunning result, which is supported by many decades of scientific observation: Earth’s continents were in very different positions in the past. This leads us to a more sophisticated understanding of Hutton’s principle. The physical processes that occur on Earth have not changed over time, but the physical conditions have changed dramatically. Sea levels drop and rise; the chemical composition of Earth’s atmosphere fluctuates, albeit ever so slowly. The cycles maintain a balance, but in doing so the sizes of the reservoirs of the Earth system may change and the speed of cycles and processes may increase or decrease. This is an especially important lesson today, when it appears our planet has entered a period of human mediated climatic change. † Question 10 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points The study of geology is important to human society because _____. You read "Quiz 1" in category "Essay examples" A. Earth materials and processes affect our lives through our dependence on Earth resources B. f a need to understand geologic hazards such as volcanic eruptions, floods and earthquakes C. it is important to understand the physical properties of the natural environment Correct D. All of the above are important reasons to study geology E. Choices 2 and 3 Answer Key: D Feedback: â€Å"We need to understand Earth materials be cause we depend on them for all of our material resources-the minerals, rocks, and metals with which we construct our built environment; the energy with which we run it; the soil that supports agriculture and other plant life; and the air and water that sustain life itself. â€Å"Some Earth processes are hazardous-that is, damaging to human interests. These geological hazards include earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides, hurricanes, floods, and even meteorite impacts. The more we know about these hazardous processes, the more successful we will be in protecting ourselves from future natural disasters. † Question 11 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points In the illustration below, the part of the atom that has a negative charge is referred to as the A. first electron energy level. B. second electron energy level. Correct C. electron. D. proton. E. none of the above. Answer Key: C Feedback: See Figure 2. 1 on page 36. Question 12 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points The mass number of an atom is Correct A. the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. B. the number of protons in the nucleus. C. the number of neutrons in the nucleus. D. the number of electron energy levels. E. the number of electrons in the outermost energy level. Answer Key: A Feedback: â€Å"The number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is the mass number. † Question 13 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points What type of weak bond results from asymmetry in charge distribution? A. covalent bond B. metallic bond C. ionic bond Correct D. Van der Waals bond E. none of the above. Answer Key: D Feedback: â€Å"Van de Waals bonding: A weak attraction can occur between electrically neutral molecules that have an asymmetrical charge distribution. The positive end of one molecule is attracted to the negative end of another molecule. For example, the carbon atoms in graphite form sheets in which each carbon atom has strong covalent bonds with three neighbors. The bonds between sheets are weak. This is why graphite feels slippery when you rub it between your fingers. † Figure 2. 3, page 39 Question 14 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points Why is steel not considered a mineral? A. it is organic Correct B. it is man made C. it doesn’t have a crystalline structure D. All of the above E. None of the above Answer Key: B Feedback: A mineral is a naturally formed, solid, inorganic, substance with a characteristic crystal structure and a specific chemical composition. Steel fails the first of the four tests for a mineral because it is man-made, not naturally formed. Question 15 of 25 0. 0/ 4. 0 Points The natural samples of corundum pictured below show variations of color from red (ruby) to blue (sapphire). The differences in color is best explained by A. polymerization Incorrect B. crystal structure C. the principle of atomic substituion D. polymorphism E. Choices 3 and 4 Answer Key: C Feedback: â€Å"A mineral’s color is determined by several factors, but the main determinant is chemical composition. † The color of a mineral, though often striking, is not a reliable means of identification. A mineral’s color is determined by several factors, but the main determinant is chemical composition. Some elements can create strong color effects, even when they are present only as trace impurities. For example, the mineral corundum is commonly white or grayish, but when small amounts of chromium are present as a result of atomic substitution of Cr3+ for Al3+, corundum is blood red and is given the name ruby. Similarly, when small amounts of iron and titanium are present, the corundum is deep blue, producing another gem, sapphire. Question 16 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points What element bonds with a silicon atom to form the â€Å"silicate† tetrahedron? A. chloride B. hydrogen C. oxygen and hydrogen D. arbon Correct E. none of the above Answer Key: E Feedback: Figure 2. 12 (there are no hydrogen atoms, only Si and oxygen); â€Å"Two silica tetrahedral can bond by sharing an oxygen atom. This process can be repeated over and over, with the silica anions assembling themselves into large, complex, linked structures called polymers. † Question 17 of 25 0. 0/ 4. 0 Points Which sil icate structure results in a hard, tough mineral that is resistant to wear? A. single tetrahedron B. hexagonal ring Incorrect C. sheet D. framework E. single chain Answer Key: D Feedback: figure 2. 14 Question 18 of 25 4. / 4. 0 Points Which rock sample is formed from cooling and solidifying magma? Correct A. Sample A. B. Sample B. C. Sample C. D. None of the above answers are correct. E. Choices 1 and 2 Answer Key: A Feedback: Igneous rocks form by the cooling and solidification of magma. See also 2. 16 on page 57 for figure that matches the figure associated with this question. Question 19 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points The branch of geology that deals with understanding the processes which operate at or beneath the surface of Earth and the materials on which those processes act is called Correctphysical geology. Answer Key: physical Feedback: â€Å"Physical geology is concerned with understanding the processes that operate at or beneath the surface of Earth and the materials on which those processes operate. † p. 4 Question 20 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points The principle of Correctuniformitarianism tells us that the present is the key to the past. Answer Key: uniformit* Feedback: Uniformitarianism: The concept processes governing the Earth system today have operated in a similar manner through geologic time. The Principle of Uniformitarianism was developed by James Hutton. Question 21 of 25 4. / 4. 0 Points The smallest particle that retains all of the chemical properties of an element is called a(n) Correctatom ? Answer Key: atom Feedback: â€Å"atom: The smallest individual particle that retains the distinctive chemical properties of an element. † Question 22 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points The smallest chemical unit that has all the properties of a particular compound is called a(n) Correc tmolecule ? Answer Key: molecule Feedback: â€Å"molecule: The smallest chemical unit that has all the properties of a particular compound. † Question 23 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points The property of a mineral that relates how heavy it is for its size is referred to as Correctdensity ? Answer Key: density Feedback: â€Å"Another important physical property of a mineral is how light or heavy it feels. Two equal-sized baskets have different weights when one is filled with feathers and the other with rocks, because the rocks have greater density than the feathers. Minerals that have a high density, such as gold, have closely packed atoms. Minerals with a low density, such as ice, have less closely packed atoms. † Question 24 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points The most common mineral family is called the Correctsilicate minerals. Answer Key: silicat* Feedback: â€Å"Not only are silicates the most common minerals and the main rock-formers, they also have an unusual diversity of atomic structures. † p. 52 Question 25 of 25 4. 0/ 4. 0 Points The principle of Correctatomic substitution is an exception to the rule that minerals have a specific chemical formula. Answer Key: atomic Feedback: â€Å"A complication to the rule that a mineral must have a specific chemical composition arises from a phenomenon called atomic substitution. † p. 42 How to cite Quiz 1, Essay examples Quiz 1 Free Essays Question 1 5 out of 5 points | | | Entrepreneurs are commonly characterized as:Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:|   Ã‚   risk takers and decision makers. | Correct Answer:|   Ã‚   risk takers and decision makers. | | | | | * Question 2 5 out of 5 points | | | The hard sell or aggressive persuasion designed to separate consumers from their cash emerged during the _____Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:|   Ã‚   production era| Correct Answer:|   Ã‚   production era| | | | | * Question 3 5 out of 5 points | | To be successful entrepreneurs must be comfortable risking their money and _____ to start and manage a business. We will write a custom essay sample on Quiz 1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:|   Ã‚   time| Correct Answer:|   Ã‚   time| | | | | * Question 4 5 out of 5 points | | | In 1995, a renegotiation of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) took bold steps to lower tariffs and to reduce trade restrictions. A tariff is a:Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:|   Ã‚   tax on imports. | Correct Answer:|   Ã‚   tax on imports. | | | | | * Question 5 5 out of 5 points | | The four major categories of factors of production are:Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:|   Ã‚   natural resources, capital, human resources, and entrepreneurship. | Correct Answer:|   Ã‚   natural resources, capital, human resources, and entrepreneurship. | | | | | * Question 6 5 out of 5 points | | | In the relationship era, firms began to recognize that cultivating current customers is more profitable than constantly _____Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:|   Ã‚   seeking new customers. | Correct Answer:|   Ã‚   seeking new customers. | | | | * Question 7 5 out of 5 points | | | During the marketing era consumers found:Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:|   Ã‚   more choices for goods and services. | Correct Answer:|   Ã‚   more choices for goods and services. | | | | | * Question 8 5 out of 5 points | | | As a factor of production, capital would include:Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:|   Ã‚   machines, tools, buildings, and technology. | Correct Answer:|   Ã‚   machines, tools, buildings, and technology. | | | | | * Question 9 5 out of 5 points | | Human resources include theAnswer | | | | | Selected Answer:|   Ã‚   physical, intellectual, and creative contributions of individuals working within an economy. | Correct Answer:|   Ã‚   physical, intellectual, and creative contributions of individuals working within an economy. | | | | | * Question 10 5 out of 5 points | | | _____ refers to the quality and quantity of products and goods available to a population at a given time. Answer | | | | | Selected Answer:|   Ã‚   Standard of living| Correct Answer:|   Ã‚   Standard of living| | | | | How to cite Quiz 1, Papers quiz 1 Free Essays

The Southern Man in Sweet Home Alabama Essay Example For Students

The Southern Man in Sweet Home Alabama Essay There was a time where the south enslaved African Americans and induced racism against them. Neil Young and Lynyrd Skynyrd put up a debate about this in the 70’s with their songs Southern Man and Sweet Home Alabama. Neil put the face of being completely against and badgering the South. Lynyrd Skynyrd put the face of the defender. Both songs are great and this coupling was called a war of words against the South. Southern Man was written by Neil Young in 1970. This song focuses on the south and argues the southern man against racism and slavery. The chorus starts the song with a confrontation to the southern man. Neil young sings in confrontation about the hypocrisy in the fact that southerners preach their religious faith of Christianity but their actions speak nothing of the Christian beliefs (Bichan). Young argues the line don’t forget what your good book said with the line southern change gonna come at last, now your crosses are burning fast saying how southerners preach the actions of the bible – the good book -, such as love and forgiveness, but their actions say otherwise with hate, enslavement and racism. In the latter line, crosses are burning fast touches upon the creation of the Ku Klux Klan as a response to change in the south (â€Å"Southern Man† Genius). Young is saying that these southern men are saying and believing that they are doing the good of the bible but have created a group that kills people of minority groups and goes against Christianity. In the second stanza, Young talks about the contrast between the lives of the blacks and the white. He starts with the line I saw cotton and I saw black. Blacks were the ones who had to pick cotton which is a labor intensive job. Young then goes on to show the differences between the blacks and whites. He states that whites live in mansions which blacks are forced to live in shacks or rundown homes. The line southern man when will you pay them back is trying to say that southern people now owe the black people for enslaving blacks (Bichan). The last two lines are insinuating that no matter how much the southern man hears screams of pain by his doing, he will never stop – we will always be asking the question how long? , how long till these black men will be free. In the final stanza, Young sings in the perspective of a white father talking to his daughter. He mentions the golden brown hair indicating that she is of white decent. The southern man is telling his daughter that he has seen her black man comin round. Lily Belle’s father is so aggravated that she is intimate with a black man that he wants to kill him (Bichan). Young is trying to portray that southern men are racist and they have such a hateful attitude towards someone because of their skin color. He ends the song with the statement I heard screamin and bullwhips cracking. How long? How long? nd is saying that even today, people are still racist and still prejudice toward black people and is saying that these southern men will never stop even as the years go on. In 1974, Lynyrd Skynyrd composed a song called Sweet Home Alabama which was a song written as a response to Neil Young’s Southern Man and Alabama. Sweet Home Alabama argues the side that just because some bad things happen in the south, not everything that comes out of it is bad. Lynyrd Skynyrd had been created in the south and they were a little offended when Neil Young deemed all of the south racist and prejudiced. .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b , .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b .postImageUrl , .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b , .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b:hover , .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b:visited , .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b:active { border:0!important; } .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b:active , .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u135d37ef387272c6efe4524b324b705b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Music Piracy Argumentative EssayLynyrd Skynyrd mentions that in Birmingham they love the gov’nor and that Watergate does not bother me saying that the leaders George Wallace, the segregationist, and President Nixon and his Watergate scandals were the people the south followed. However, just because those were the leaders, not everyone is like them – abusing power to get away with illegal and wrong actions. They went on to say that there is good that comes out of the South. Lynyrd Skynyrd talks about Muscle Shoals, which is a music recording studio, and that they make people feel good with the music that they produce. Lynyrd Skynyrd recorded many songs there in the 70s. Many people who have heard the two songs Southern Man and Sweet Home Alabama were lead to think that the lead singer of Lynyrd Skynyrd, Ronnie Van Zant, had a â€Å"war of words† (Wilkening) with Neil for calling all those in the south racists (Richter). Lynyrd Skynyrd was trying to protect the innocent of the south and stand up for them. The â€Å"feud† between the two artists was more like a spirited debate. They weren’t rivals and they weren’t in a feud. They were fans of the other. Young would perform Sweet Home Alabama and Zant would often wear Young T-shirts while performing (â€Å"Neil vs†). Young and Zant had no problems against each other. The songs were a debate of words against the South. Neil Young posed the position of the view of the old south with racism and slavery. Lynyrd Skynyrd posed the position of the view of the new south where there is good coming out of the south. The whole feud that may have occurred between the two singers just brought thought to the people that yes, there had been slavery and may still have racism in the south and the white people still haven’t done anything to â€Å"apologize† to the black. However, there are also things and products of good that come out. The thought that there is also the fact that just because the Governor and President at the time were pro slavery and racism, that doesn’t mean that every man in the south followed their beliefs. The Governor at the time, George Wallace, stood in front of the University of Alabama to prevent two African American students from going in but the federal marshals made him move aside to let them in (â€Å"Revenge is†). Neil Young’s song Southern Man and Lynyrd Skynyrd’s song Sweet Home Alabama both talk about the racism and slavery of the south but just in opposing views. The two songs were a debate of each other. Both songs are still great rock songs. Bibliography: Bichan, Kyle. Neil Youngs Use of North American History. HyperRust Never Sleeps N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.  . Fields, Gaylord. Sweet Home Alabama. Rolling Stone. Rolling Stone, 07 May 2012. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.  . Lynyrd Skynyrd and Neil Young. Thrashers Wheat. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.  . Lynyrd Skynyrd Biography. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame + Museum. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.  . Neil vs. Lynyrd Skynyrd. HyperRust Never Sleeps N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.  . Revenge Is Sweet Home Alabama. The Guardian. Guardian News and Media Ltd., 16 Nov. 2007. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.  . Richter, Greg. Is Lynyrd Skynyrd Skewering Neil Young or Slyly Agreeing with Him in Sweet Home Alabama? Al.com. Alabama Media Group, 22 Feb. 2009. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.  . Shmoop Editorial Team. Sweet Home Alabama Meaning. Shmoop.com. Shmoop University, Inc., 11 Nov. 2008. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.  . Southern Man. Genius. Genius Media Group, Inc., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.  . â€Å"Southern Man Lyrics. Azlyrics.com. AZLyrics.com, n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.  . Sweet Home Alabama. Genius. Genius Media Group, Inc., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.  . Sweet Home Alabama Lyrics. Azlyrics.com. AZLyrics.com, n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.  . Wilkening, Matthew. Neil Young vs. Lynyrd Skynyrd Nastiest Rock Feuds. Ultimate Classic Rock. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Nov. 2014.  .

Communications Process Essays - Behavior, Communication,

Communications Process The communication process is used in every kind of relationship. It could be in a friendship, an acquantance, a significant other, a family, and many more. I found out these processes can be harder than you think three years ago. My father got remarried and I was forced to become up close and personal with complete strangers, my stepfamily. The communication process language in my stepfamily describes the concepts and ideas of the transactional communication model and the social penetration theory. The transactional communication model is used daily in my household. Although, the messages are not always successfully sent nor received along the channels due to major amounts of noise. It is hard to have a shared meaning when you have five strong, new opinions in a family. For instance, my stepsister might be trying to tell me her side of a story but my stepbrother will interrupt the message with external and semantic noise. Therefore, enabling me to decode correctly and send appropriate feedback to reach a shared meaning. This happens a lot in my stepfamily. We have "family meetings" that are supposed to help us listen to one another and drown unnecessary noises. These meetings are not as triumphant as they could be because we all have difficulty with self-disclosure. I personally find myself withholding, masking, not displaying, and not describing my feelings with my stepfamily. We are all just getting to know each other so, I think, we are still in the sharing of biographical d ata and personal ideas. I know in particular, with my stepsister, that I can not achieve the level of sharing my feelings any time soon. I believe that we both messed up and went against the "guidelines for appropriate self-disclosure" because we opened up too much, too fast without having full trust or knowing that it would be reciprocated. On the other hand I have a wonderful relationship with my father. He and I express our thoughts and feelings openly about everything. It wasn't always so open though. Like most men, my dad had trouble disclosing his feelings. Fortunately, he and I overcame that obstacle together, because I wasn't good at it either. It took a lot of time and effort to get our relationship to where it is today but it was worth it. The communication process is not yet perfected in my stepfamily but then again is it perfected with any relationship? Who's to say if it is or isn't, as long as it works for the individual. I hope one day that everyone in my stepfamily will be able to reach the point where we can disclose ourselves to each other. Until then, we will go on with our cycle of sending, receiving, encoding, decoding, and just trying to get along. The communication process is used in every kind of relationship. It could be in a friendship, an acquantance, a significant other, a family, and many more. I found out these processes can be harder than you think three years ago. My father got remarried and I was forced to become up close and personal with complete strangers, my stepfamily. The communication process language in my stepfamily describes the concepts and ideas of the transactional communication model and the social penetration theory. The transactional communication model is used daily in my household. Although, the messages are not always successfully sent nor received along the channels due to major amounts of noise. It is hard to have a shared meaning when you have five strong, new opinions in a family. For instance, my stepsister might be trying to tell me her side of a story but my stepbrother will interrupt the message with external and semantic noise. Therefore, enabling me to decode correctly and send appropriate feedback to reach a shared meaning. This happens a lot in my stepfamily. We have "family meetings" that are supposed to help us listen to one another and drown unnecessary noises. These meetings are not as triumphant as they could be because we all have difficulty with self-disclosure. I personally find myself withholding, masking, not displaying, and not describing my feelings with my stepfamily. We are all just getting to know each other so, I think, we are

semiconductors essays

semiconductors essays The Best type of conductors have only one valence electron. Examples of these types of conductors are silver, copper, and gold. The best type of insulators have 8 electrons. A semiconductor is an element with electrical properties between both those of a conductor and those of an insulator. Semiconductors have four valence electrons. Germanium was the only element used to make semiconductor years ago. However, excessive reverse current was unable to be figured out by engineers which eventually lead them to becoming obsolete in electronics today. The main semiconductor used today is silicon, which is the second most abundant element on the earth besides oxygen. Without silicon, the world we live in today would be completely different. For silicon is used in every computer system, telecommunication system, etc. in the world. The ability to increase the conductivity of a semiconductor is called doping. Doping a semiconductor is called an extrinsic semiconductor. There are two types of extrinsic semiconductors. The n-type semiconductor and the p-type semiconductor. When the n-type is connected to the negative source and the p-type is connected to the positive source this creates forward bias. When there is forward bias the current conducts easily. For example on the diode curve in experiment number 1. If the source voltage is greater than .7V, a silicon diode allows a continuous flow of current in a forward direction. (See Figure 1.) If you would switch the DC source around you would get reverse bias. When there is reverse bias there is a surface leakage. The current barely conducts and is approximately zero in a silicon diode. ...

Ethical Leadership Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethical Leadership - Coursework Example When faced by a tricky situation, one needs to interpret it before considering the factors that are relevant to the situation. In many cases, lack of experience in a given situation can cause dilemma and often there is an anticipation of harm from the consequences of the decision made. In such a case, a SNCO needs to consider the second and third order consequences before settling for a given decision. Additionally, the SNCO should put principle first, purpose second, and then people last to avoid the dilemma inherent in the competing values. The SNCO has to make an evaluation of the decision using Toner’s six tests. Toner suggests that the decision should not be embarrassing, discrediting, nor humiliating the SNCO if scrutinized by the public. Moreover, it would have better be an act that the SNCO is proud of and would expect approval from everybody. In general, the result of the decision should be anticipated to be positive (Toner 2003). At this point, the SNCO is prepared e nough to implement the decision settled for. To ensure that the decision made is at work, continuous monitoring is necessary. As it is common practice, subordinates look up to the leaders and hence the SNCO has no other option other than to promote an ethical environment by rewarding those who uphold ethics and punishing those who contravene the code of ethics. Ethical decision-making is grounded on the ability of a SNCO to think critically. When interpreting a situation, one has to consider the personal and organizational ethics, something that involves critical thinking and when considering the factors that are relevant to the situation, a SNCO will realize that not all situations are provided with clearly set policies and procedures on how to handle them. Intrinsically, for an ethical decision to be made the SNCO’s critical thinking needs to be engaged when determining the appropriate action for a

Critical review on norther canada Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical review on norther canada - Essay Example He is one of the most qualified and eminent scientists of fresh water today. Professor John P. Smol is a professor in the Department of Biology and also chairs Environmental Change at Queen’s University. He has rested his entire career to the study of environment and problems related. His work has been widely used in acid-rain debates and in studies related to global environmental change. He has written more than 230 publications and will soon publish his thirteenth book related to environmental issues. In the last ten years he has been awarded 18 medals, fellowships and various prizes for his phenomenal contribution. The article throws light on the impact of climate warming on the Arctic over the North America, Eurasian Arcitic and other polar regions. The authors stress that Arctic is high latitude system which has come under threat due to warm climate and human-caused environmental activities. The paper seeks to refute claims and the widely believed perception that Arctic l akes, ponds and rivers are immune from the impact of activities undertaken by humans. It is explained how changing albeta and cold water biota make them sensitive to climate changes and green house warming only accelerates the process. They suspect Arctic Aquatic fauna to comprise of a high concentration of contaminants due to changes in its lakes and rivers over the years. The purpose of the paper is to point out the gravity of impact of human activities on the Arctic and it is way more than most environmental mangers predict. The authors cite Sprague’s (2006) work â€Å"Great wet north? Canada's myth of water abundance† in pointing out that the flowery stories planted by Canadian media and politicians over abundance of water in the region are a fluke. Sprague’s work is correctly quoted to correct the false impressions people have about the country’s water resources. The biggest strength of this paper is the consistency of the work. The authors of the pa per do not digress. This assertion is repeated again with a plausible concern in the end when Krummel’s (2003) work is cited to explain why in high latitude regions politicians tend to ignore environmental problem. It is well illustrated with a lot of pictures and graphs. The article is well supported with a lot of correctly cited statistical references. For instance, the authors point out Brunskill’s hydrological figures when stating that most lakes in the north have less than one percent of their water replaced every year. However, there are places, where the authors could have gotten into more insight for instance they assert that high exposure to ultra-violet rays can inflict a lot of harm to the DNA in phytoplankton’s and zoo-planktons. Hessen and Williamsons work from the nineties is quoted but without any further explanation. When I piqued through their work, I figured they had also explained how and what causes the damage. Again while specifying how snow cover affects lake properties, they point out by citing Sorwari’s (2003) workthat snow cover can have huge limonological implication. But they failed to cover what kind of limonological limitations? These were some of the minor glitches in the otherwise well researched paper. The authors made it a point to use most of the latest references which was a major plus point. There were only a few places where they had referenced all the way back to papers from 1980s- Carmouse (1983) and Prowse (1985) to name a

Ventilation Activities Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ventilation Activities - Assignment Example When making a ventilation hole, the smallest size for a commercial building should be 4X4 feet. If the roof is panelized, the crew should not make the hole right over the fire; instead, it should be made as close to the fire as safety permits. In the case of a single family residence, the hole needs to be 2X4 feet. Crews need to make sure they stay focused on the fire burning, as well as the pressure they are venting. They also need to make sure that the ventilation hole is large enough. The wind should remain at the backs of the crew so the smoke will not be directly inhaled. When they have completed making the ventilation hole, they should then report back to the Incident Commander (Structural Fire Attack). Anytime personnel go to the roof, they are to assure two "IDENTIFIED ESCAPE ROUTES" are in place. In some cases, the building may have a built-in ladder that can be used as a secondary escape route, or the crews may be able to exit to another building that has a separate roof. Crews operating on a roof are to have a minimum of 1 sounding device, 1 pike pole, 1 chainsaw, and a portable radio. When cutting a ventilation hole, crews should be aware of fire burning at the edge of the hole or smoke venting under pressure. If this occurs, the ventilation hole has not been cut large enough.

Young People And Crime Criminology Essay

Young People And Crime Criminology Essay The application by criminologists of the ideas summarised in this chapter tends to manifest in the form of multifactorial explanations for youth crime. However, in doing this, criminologists generally refrain from presenting a hierarchy of causes. The result is that immediate causes are cited (such as unemployment, racism, labelling, poor schooling), and reformist measures are advocated (such as training schemes, alternative school), but rarely are substantial changes to the social structure as a whole demanded. For those who wish to see major social change occurring, the questions of power and social interests are of paramount importance. Where multiple factors are at the foreground of analysis, the tendency is to respond to the phenomenon of youth crime through emphasis on developing specific projects and programs, More radical perspectives view such proposals as very limiting, unless they are linked directly to a wider politics of social change.   Critically examine how well criminological theory links with policy responses to juvenile crime. Illustrate your answer by reference to theory, a juvenile justice issue and a policy response.    When young people commit crimes, it is rarely seen that people ask the question why did they do this? The tendency is to respond to these acts by training schemes or to send the youths to alternative schools. The phenomenon of youth crime is responded to through an emphasis on developing programs and projects. Rarely are substantial changes as a whole demanded of the social structure. The root causes should be tackled effectively while the hierarchy are simultaneously attended to causes along the way with due priorities. A juvenile justice issue that is of importance in youth crime at the moment is young men and violence. There are many policy responses to this issue as there are many different causes to the problem. By analysing the many different reasons as to why the young men become violent, substantial changes can be made slowly to the social structure. This essay will demonstrate how criminological theory links to policy responses for young men and violence. There are many theories and explanations put forward as to why juveniles offend and commit crimes. These range from perspectives that emphasise individual offender choice whether to offend, through to those that emphasise social factors such as poverty, limited employment opportunities, and school performance in shaping juvenile criminal acts (Cunneen, White. 2007). These theories vary considerably. The classical theory and the individual choice is based on the purpose of punishment within the law is to deter individuals from impinging upon and violating others rights and interests. As individuals we are seen to have equal capacity to reason, and so we are seen responsible for our own actions. Thus the classical criminal policy focuses primarily on the criminal act and suggests equal punishments for equal crime. The positivism theory is that behaviour is determined. Individual behaviour is shaped by factors such as physiology, personality, social upbringing and others. The focus is on the individuals, who are seen to require treatment since they are not necessarily responsible for their criminality. Positivists concentrate on the offender and the offenders characteristics. A sociological perspective argues that in order to understand that nature and occurrence of crime, we need to look at the structure of the society that moulds and shapes culture and behaviour. Individual action is thus attributable to social causes, and crime can be seen as a matter of social pathology. Acts of violence have terrible and costly results for everyone involved, including families, communities, and society. Violence is a major part of some peoples lives, especially young mens lives (Cameron, 2000). Violence in the family has been made visible over the last 3 decades, largely as a result of enquires into domestic violence and child abuse. According to an article printed by the Australian Institute of Criminology about young men and violence statistics found that 6.2% of Australian women experienced either physical or sexual violence by a male perpetrator. These statistics are also an indication of the extent of violence towards children in families. Violence is characteristic of many families, and it has implications for how young men grow up, violence is learnt. In 1990, the National Committee on Violence referred to families as the training ground for violence. The Womens Safety Survey also found that 38 per cent of women who experienced violence by a current partner, and 46 per cent of women who had experienced violence by a former partner, said their children had witnessed violence (Cameron, 2000). Experiences early in life must have some influence on young men who exhibit evidence of violence later in life. Young men between the ages of 20 and 24 experience the highest rate of assault compared with the rest of the population. Not all families or young men are violent. Certain risk factors indicate the likelihood of behaving aggressively or engaging in violence. These include, having a history of violent behaviour, being male, being a young adult, having experienced difficulties in childhood, including inadequate parenting, troubled relationships within the family, low levels of school achievement, having problems of psychotropic substance abuse, especially problematic alcohol use and having severe mental illness, the symptoms of which are not being identified or controlled. Violence in the family is no longer considered a private issue. Moreov er, it has implications for broader social policies. Some young men are involved in a culture of violence, well beyond issues concerning the family. In 1998, almost 60 per cent of recorded assaults occurred outside of residences. Alcohol plays a part in a significant number of these offences. Some young men enjoy a fight; a fight can result from a trivial incident. Fights can relate to illegal activities, such as drug dealing, that do not allow young men to resort to legitimate forms of conflict resolution. As a result, groups may develop for protection. As members become hardened, for example, by experience in jail, they may view the world as consisting of the strong and the weak, and as a place of conflict and struggle. They ritualistically convey their ruthlessness and act brutally. In some instances, groups or gangs have emerged around issues of ethnic solidarity. While groups or gangs may emerge as a result of illicit activities, this is not always the case. Young men may feel safe in groups, and when police see three or more young men together they may define them as a gang. Violence occurs at school. Although Australia is fortunate enough to have been spared the school yard shootings, less lethal forms of violence are not uncommon. Bullying may or may not be intended to hurt and may take the form of physical, non-physical, or non-verbal action undertaken by the bully or by someone co-opted to do so. Bullying is hurtful and may have health consequences. Thus juvenile crime takes several forms and shapes. There are several policy responses available to deal with juvenile crime. Many young men need advice and direction on how to behave towards women and their peers, and they want to talk to you about it. An article discussing young men and violence identified many strategies that they believed would be effective and promising for policy development towards young men (Cameron, 2000). This article identified six prevention strategies. The first prevention strategy being related to parenting, education and support. Families were characterised as a location of conflict for many young men. They reported that early in their lives parents argued and violence occurred in the family. It is important to develop programs to support families in a rapidly changing society where the structures and relationships are often not available to support parents with child rearing. Also, pre-school programs, including parenting interventions, have reduced some childrens anti-social behaviour and delinquency. A number of programs have been implemented in Australia based on these principles. The second is focusing on interventions during childhood and adolescents. Research suggests that the greatest likelihood of success results from programs implemented with children before they reach adolescence. Further, programs should target multiple risk factors, including those at the level of the community, the family, the school, and the individual/ peer, which contribute to youth violence. Interventions at this age can also reduce school-yard bullying. This is an encouraging area of research, as school-based programs that address antisocial behaviour and delinquency generally have found that parenting training and skills based training with children can be effective. Drug use amongst young men was a major issue and a cause for violence. People got involved in drug use due to peer pressure and the requirement to fit in, and youth start it without knowing the harm that would result from regular use. Intervention programs in the area of drugs are most effective when undertaken in the family setting. Young peoples involvement in drug and alcohol use usually results from peer influences. Alcohol plays a significant part in violence that occurs in and around hotels. Success has been demonstrated and repeated in a significant Australian study that aimed to reduce the level of violence related to alcohol in and around licensed premises. By reducing, promotional activities which had brought about binge drinking and high levels of drunkenness resulted in reduced levels of violence. Many youth have generally poor relationships with the police. Police need to develop an understanding of the youth culture and take young people seriously. Police also need to be more understanding and open minded on youth issues, which would lead to mutual respect. Fairness should be a part of encounters with police and in criminal justice procedures. The benefit of legitimate policing can be seen in the area of domestic violence where it has limited the amount of repeat offending. The process of policing may have implications for how people see themselves in the broader society, and may result in compliance if they are considered to share values. The most common reason that violence does occur amongst youths is anger issues. Violence counselling or anger management services can also assist young men to break the cycle of violence. A number of Australian anger management programs are in place to assist young men, although the successes of these are unclear. This area of intervention is in early stages of development where considerable attention is being devoted to program development. Counselling and mentoring programs have shown promising rewards. Multi-systemic therapy programs individually tailored for the particular needs of young offenders, which include family, peer, school, and community interventions, have been demonstrated to reduce the level of reoffending. There also appears to be an effect on reducing violence, as there was also a reduction in the frequency of hitting someone. When violence occurs in the family or when the young men felt explosive and possibly violent and a danger to others, they said they did not have anywhere to turn. The sixth violence prevention strategy is creating recreational and sporting areas for youth to go to if when they have nowhere else to turn to. Recreation and sport are legitimate ways to expend energy. Young men would benefit from accessing to sporting and recreational facilities, such as skating parks and bicycle tracks. The success of the introduction of recreational activities as a means of stopping violence has not been assessed. The above policy responses are appropriate intervention strategies to help prevent young men from associating with violence. These policy responses are linked to one or more of the criminological theories in the juvenile justice system. The main criminological theories that are linked to these policy responses are the classical theory and individual choice; the positivism and individual criminal behaviour; and the sociological theories. While more than one of the response outlined are necessary in most instances, the policy response of parenting, education and support is one of better ones because it addressed the hierarchy of causes. A main reason that youths associate with violence is because they have not had a good upbringing in their homes. They have not had a pleasant and peaceful environment at home were family values and social norms are introduced and nurtured. Instead they grew up in a family which more than discouraged encouraged violence. Despite the fact that this policy response shows that it is difficult to introduce a program which demonstrates effectiveness in improving behaviour of adults, it in many ways assists young men in improving their own behaviour. It is important to develop programs to support families in a rapidly changing society where the structures and relationships are often not available to support parents (Cameron, 2000). This intervention has multiple factors and responded through specific projects and programs. However it did not identify and arrange the hierarchy of cause and responded to with a social structural change. Such structural change would include the families changing their behaviour, anger management and improving the relations with police, both sides taking responsibility and respecting each others rights and obligations. This should help eliminate all known factors of youth offending activates. The policy responses of the juvenile justice issue of young men and violence are closely linked to the criminological theories. However they are not addressing collectively the hierarchy of causes of violence of young men they are not linked to the wider politics of social change. REFERNCES: Cameron, M. (June 2000). Young men and Violence Prevention. Australian Institute of Criminolgy. No. 154. Chris, C White, R. Juvenile justice, youth and crime in Austrlalia. Third Edition.

Oedipus Rex †The Conflict, Climax and Resolution Essay -- Oedipus the

Oedipus Rex – The Conflict, Climax and Resolution  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚   Sophocles’ tragic drama, Oedipus Rex, presents to the reader a full range of conflicts and their resolution after a climax.    Thomas Van Nortwick in The Meaning of a Masculine Life describes Oedipus’ tragic flaw:    As ruler, he is a father to Thebes and its citizens, and like a father he will take care of his â€Å"children.† We see already the supreme self-confidence and ease of command in Oedipus, who can address not only other people’s children as his own, but also be a father to men older than he is. But beyond even this there is, in the sretched posture of the citizens, the hint of prostration before a deity. We are â€Å"clinging to your altars,† says the priest. . . . That he also exudes a godlike mastery in the eyes of his subjects only strengthens the heroic portrait. . . .(21-22).    The â€Å"godlike mastery† to which Van Nortwick refers is the same mastery which Creon in his final lines designates as the cause of the tragic dimension in the life of the protagonist: â€Å"Crave not mastery in all, /For the mastery that raised thee was thy bane and wrought thy fall.† Oedipus’ total mastery of the investigation resultant from the Delphic oracle’s declaration, yes, his forceful â€Å"railroading† of the investigation against the wishes of Jocasta, Teiresias, the messenger and the shepherd, ultimately spells the downfall of King Oedipus.      Abrams says that the conflict is between the protagonist and antagonist (225). Is the antagoinst within Oedipus in the form of his â€Å"godlike mastery,† as Creon believed? Or is the antagonist weird/wyrd/fate, so that the oracle demonstrated the gods’ power to predestine their creatures? Frank B. Jevons in â€Å"In... ...shers, 1999.    Benardete, Seth. â€Å"Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus.† In Sophocles: A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by Thomas Woodard. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.    Ehrenberg, Victor. â€Å"Sophoclean Rulers: Oedipus.† In Twentieth Century Interpretations of Oedipus Rex, edited by Michael J. O’Brien. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968.    Jevons, Frank B.   â€Å"In Sophoclean Tragedy, Humans Create Their Own Fate.† In Readings on Sophocles, edited by Don Nardo. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1997.    Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. Transl. by F. Storr. no pag. http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/browse-mixed new?tag=public&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&part=0&id=SopOedi    Van Nortwick, Thomas.   Oedipus: The Meaning of a Masculine Life. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1998. Oedipus Rex – The Conflict, Climax and Resolution Essay -- Oedipus the Oedipus Rex – The Conflict, Climax and Resolution  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚   Sophocles’ tragic drama, Oedipus Rex, presents to the reader a full range of conflicts and their resolution after a climax.    Thomas Van Nortwick in The Meaning of a Masculine Life describes Oedipus’ tragic flaw:    As ruler, he is a father to Thebes and its citizens, and like a father he will take care of his â€Å"children.† We see already the supreme self-confidence and ease of command in Oedipus, who can address not only other people’s children as his own, but also be a father to men older than he is. But beyond even this there is, in the sretched posture of the citizens, the hint of prostration before a deity. We are â€Å"clinging to your altars,† says the priest. . . . That he also exudes a godlike mastery in the eyes of his subjects only strengthens the heroic portrait. . . .(21-22).    The â€Å"godlike mastery† to which Van Nortwick refers is the same mastery which Creon in his final lines designates as the cause of the tragic dimension in the life of the protagonist: â€Å"Crave not mastery in all, /For the mastery that raised thee was thy bane and wrought thy fall.† Oedipus’ total mastery of the investigation resultant from the Delphic oracle’s declaration, yes, his forceful â€Å"railroading† of the investigation against the wishes of Jocasta, Teiresias, the messenger and the shepherd, ultimately spells the downfall of King Oedipus.      Abrams says that the conflict is between the protagonist and antagonist (225). Is the antagoinst within Oedipus in the form of his â€Å"godlike mastery,† as Creon believed? Or is the antagonist weird/wyrd/fate, so that the oracle demonstrated the gods’ power to predestine their creatures? Frank B. Jevons in â€Å"In... ...shers, 1999.    Benardete, Seth. â€Å"Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus.† In Sophocles: A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by Thomas Woodard. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966.    Ehrenberg, Victor. â€Å"Sophoclean Rulers: Oedipus.† In Twentieth Century Interpretations of Oedipus Rex, edited by Michael J. O’Brien. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968.    Jevons, Frank B.   â€Å"In Sophoclean Tragedy, Humans Create Their Own Fate.† In Readings on Sophocles, edited by Don Nardo. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press, 1997.    Sophocles. Oedipus Rex. Transl. by F. Storr. no pag. http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/browse-mixed new?tag=public&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&part=0&id=SopOedi    Van Nortwick, Thomas.   Oedipus: The Meaning of a Masculine Life. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1998.

Communication Leads to Successful Nursing Practice Essay

In this assignment, I will reflect an incident happened during my clinical placement to develop my communication skills not just theoretically but in practical facing real life environment. There is a lot of factors that may influence nursing practice. In this essay, I will discuss the importance of communication in developing nurse-patient relationship. Communication in nursing as stated by Sheldon (2004) was, â€Å"Many definitions describe [communication] as a transfer of information between a source and a receiver. In nursing, communication is a sharing of health-related information between a patient and a nurse, with both participants as sources and receivers. The information may be verbal or nonverbal, written or spoken, personal or impersonal, issue-specific, or even relationship-oriented, to name a few possibilities. â€Å". The aim of this essay is to reflect what had happen during my placement and this gives me opportunity to improve my nursing care plan, which is based on the patient’s initial valuation. David Kolb,1984 said in his book called † Experiental Learning: Experience as a Source Of Learning and Development,(Kolb, 1984)† that reflection is a way in which we examine our experiences and draw lessons from them. QIA Key Skills Support Programme(2007) added that reflection can help to bridge the gap between theory and practice and enable us to look critically at our own behaviour, the behaviour of other people and at the organizational and social context within which we operate. In my context with my event, it is important for me to improve my nurse-patient relationship in terms of communication. In this reflection essay, I am going to use Gibbs (1988) model of reflection. This model is a recognized framework that will help me to reflect what was going on during my 16 days of clinical placement in one of major government hospital. Gibbs model of reflection consist of six stages where the stages link with each other making a continuous cycle to facilitate critical thought, relating theory to practice where this model allow me to see my weaknesses and improvements during my clinical placement. Gibbs’ model of reflection encourages you to think systematically about the phases of an experience or activity, and you should use all the headings to structure your reflection (Oxford Brooks University, 2011). This model of reflection also a good brainstorming of experiences that will end up with solutions to be made and things to be fix and for us to be aware in the future. Jasper M(2003) explains in her book called † Beginning Reflective Practice – Foundations in Nursing and Health Care† that Gibbs model of reflection starts with description of the event which I will discuss in my reflection. The second stage is going to be the analysis of feelings, where I have to tell how I am feeling when that situation happened. Third stage of Gibbs is evaluation of the experience, then comes the fourth stage that is analysis. In this stage I will discuss about the event and from what sense that I can use out of that situation that I am facing in the event. Conclusion and action plan are the last two stages which later on will discuss what else could I have done and what action can I do if the situation arose again along my course in nursing and in future time. Description In this paragraph, I would like to describe what happen during my clinical placement. I was selected to be in the female surgical ward in one of the government major hospital for my first clinical placement. The ward dealing with pre-operative, post-operative patients and orthopedic patients. The ward is divided into four cubicles which each of the two controlled by different unit; operative care unit and orthopedic unit. So, came this morning when me and my colleagues join the qualified nurses do their passing patients report, a family member of a patient name Ms. A approached me and complains that her daughter felt pain at her abdominal area. Ms. A is a 22-year-old young lady who has been diagnosed with colorectal cancer, (colorectal cancer occurs when tumors formed in the lining of the large intestine, also called the large bowel – National Cancer Institute,2003) as a result, giving her cramp feeling in the abdominal area, vomiting and change in bowel movements. She is in a nursing special care called palliative care,(palliative care – an approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problem associated with life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial and spiritual – WHO 2011) as her cancer was in incurable stage. I, as the student nurse immediately followed my mentor with few qualified nurses as they heard Ms.  A who was screaming continuously as she claims her pain was unbearable. It was my first time seeing or even hearing someone in that much pain, so I stood near her bedside and just look at the qualified nurses assess her after I introduced myself as student nurse. Effective communication is vital, as what have been stated in NursingTimes(2007) † Failure to communicate well with a patient right away will destroy the delicate n urse/patient relationship and mean the patient does not trust the nurse. † Feeling Here, I would discuss the feeling and thinking that I had when I was in the situation. First I introduced myself to Ms. A as I need to build a good rapport with Ms. A so she won’t feel awkward and panicked with my presence with other qualified nurses. Like Crellin. K (1998) said in her 11 Ways To Built Rapport article, â€Å"Taking time to establish a rapport with them can help them cope and improve their willingness in cooperate with the treatment†. I was shocked and stood near her as she can’t stand with her abdominal pain. There is limited skills that I can do to help Ms. A during that time as I am still new in the environment. I were taught to ask Ms. A condition and asisst her to calm down by communicating with her. Evaluation In my evaluation, I feel that I did the right thing to attend Mrs. A and help the qualified nurses dong their task by communicating and be an empathic listener (emphatic listener is a way of listening and responding to another person that improves mutual understanding and trust, Richard. S 2003) and active listener so that she feels safe and know that someone care about her other than her family. As said by Richard Salem(2003), Emphatic listening will build trust and respects and creates safe environment that is conducive to collaborative problem solving. So, these control her emotionally to make her to calm down and get back to her stable condition. The doctor who attend her indirectly taught me how to make Ms. A to calm down, by facing a challenging speaker who was in pain. The key to active listening is relaxed attention – to listen with my whole body by using verbal and non-verbal skill like facing the speaker(patient) and maintaining eye contact with them (University of Maine,1914). Analysis To analyse of what happened, the factors that affect my communication with Ms. A was her unbearable pain. Effective communication and act as a professional were quite difficult as I never had a long conversation with her except for asking permission for assessing her vital signs which were temperature, blood pressure and breathing rate. Active listening also needed in this context as it help the speaker clarify what they are saying and makes them feel heard and it reduces emotions that block clear thinking (University of Miane – 1914), hence it reduces her pain mentally. By listening to her, rephrasing what I heard the patient say as patient won’t be receptive to your response until her thought ,ideas and feeling are communicated and understood(U. M,1914). Conclusion To conclude this, I am sure that communication is the most important skill to have as this will lead me to a successful nursing practice in any situation. Without effective communication, I won’t be able to establish a good rapport with Ms. A and her family. As said by Sheldon, (2004) â€Å"The power of creative and effective nursing care is strengthened by good communication skills. Patients share their stories, symptoms, and concerns by talking with us. Both the spoken word and the body language convey information about the patient’s experience. Your words can do so much: put a patient at ease, set up a productive relationship, and carry out interventions. There is no other skill that is used more in nursing than communication. † and Kacperek (1997)suggested that effective communication is dependent on the nurse’s ability to listen and utilize non-verbal communication skills. Ms. A feels thankful for our presence helping her with er pain by giving painkiller right after her mother called us. Action plan If the same situation arose again, I would like to get myself prepared with any circumstances that might happen, in my case, to communicate with patients in professional way without waiting for emergency situations. Research, asking tips for good rapport and effective communication are ways to solve my communication weaknesses. Without proper communication, it is difficult to understand patient’s need. Therefore, I would like to remind myself that, effective communication is the bridge towards successful and efficient nursing practice. Therefore in nursing practice, it is essential to have the knowledge of interaction, not just practical skills like bed making, vital signs and bed bathing but well prepared with good communication skill to face any situation that we might experience anytime. Without good nurse-patient relationship being built, trust and cooperation between both parties won’t exist. As Lanette L. Anderson (n. d) â€Å"They may not remember our names, but they will remember how we treated them during a difficult time in their lives. â€Å"

African Elephant Facts

African Elephant Facts The African elephant (Loxodonta africana and Loxodonta cyclotis) is the largest land animal on the planet. Found in sub-Saharan Africa, this majestic herbivore is known for its remarkable physical adaptations as well as its intelligence. Fast Facts: African Elephants Scientific Name: Loxodonta africana and Loxodonta cyclotisCommon Names:  African elephant: savannah elephant or bush elephant and forest elephantBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 8–13 feet tall, length of 19–24 feetWeight: 6,000–13,000 poundsLifespan: 60–70 yearsDiet:  HerbivoreHabitat: Sub-Saharan AfricaPopulation: 415,000Conservation Status: Vulnerable Description There are two subspecies of African elephant: savanna or bush elephant (Loxodonta africana) and forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis). African bush elephants are lighter gray, larger, and their tusks curve outwards; the forest elephant is darker gray in color and has tusks that are straighter and point downward. Forest elephants make up about one-third to one-quarter of the total elephant population in Africa. Elephants have a number of adaptations that help them to survive. Flapping their large ears enables them to cool down in hot weather, and their large size deters predators. The elephants long trunk reaches food sources located in otherwise inaccessible places, and the trunks are also used in communication and vocalization. Their tusks, which are upper incisors that continue to grow throughout their lifetimes, can be used to strip vegetation and dig to obtain food. Habitat and Range African elephants are found throughout sub-Saharan Africa, where they typically live in plains, woodlands, and forests. They tend not to be territorial, and they roam large ranges through several habitats and across international borders. They are found in dense forests, open and closed savannas, grasslands, and in the deserts of Namibia and Mali. They range between the northern tropics to the southern temperate zones in Africa and are found at the oceans beaches and on mountain slopes and elevations everywhere in between. Elephants are habitat modifiers or ecological engineers that physically alter their environments affecting the resources and changing the ecosystems. They push over, debark, break branches and stems, and uproot trees, which causes changes in tree height, canopy cover, and species composition. Studies have shown that the changes generated by the elephants are actually quite beneficial to the ecosystem, creating an increase in total biomass (up to seven times the original), an increase in nitrogen in the content of new leaves, as well as an increase in habitat complexity and food availability. The net effect is a multilayered canopy and a continuum of leaf biomass supporting their own and other species.   Edwin Godinho / EyeEm  /  Getty Images Diet Both subspecies of African elephants are herbivores, and most of their diet (65 percent to 70 percent) consists of leaves and bark. They will also eat a wide variety of plants, including grass and fruit: Elephants are bulk feeders and require an enormous amount of food to survive, consuming an estimated 220–440 pounds of forage  daily. Access to a permanent source of water is critical- most elephants drink frequently, and they need to obtain water at least once every two days. Elephant mortality is quite high in drought-affected regions. Behavior Female African elephants form matriarchal groupings. The dominant female is the matriarch and the head of the grouping, and the rest of the group consists primarily of the females offspring. Elephants use low-frequency rumbling sounds to communicate within their groupings. In contrast, male African elephants are mostly solitary and nomadic. They temporarily associate with different matriarchal groups as they seek mating partners. Males assess each others physical prowess by play-fighting with one another. Male elephants behavior is linked to their musth period, which typically takes place during winter. During musth, male elephants secrete an oily substance called temporin from their temporal glands. Their testosterone levels are as much as six times higher than normal during this period. Elephants in musth can become aggressive and violent. The exact evolutionary cause for musth is not definitively known, though research suggests that it may be linked to the assertion and reorganization of dominance. Reproduction and Offspring Elephants are polyandrous and polygamous; mating happens year round, whenever females are in estrus. They give birth to one or rarely two live young about once every three years. Gestation periods are approximately 22 months long. Newborns weigh between 200 and 250 pounds each. They are weaned after 4 months although they may continue to take milk from the mothers as part of their diet for up to three years. Young elephants are tended by the mother and other females in the matriarchal grouping. They become fully independent at the age of eight. Female elephants reach sexual maturity at about 11 years of age; males at 20. The lifespan of an African elephant is typically between 60 and 70 years.   Patrick Robert - Corbis  /Getty Images Misconceptions Elephants are beloved creatures, but they arent always fully understood by humans. Misconception: Elephants drink water through their trunks. Truth: While elephants use their trunks in the drinking process, they dont drink through it. Instead, they use the trunk to scoop water into their mouths.Misconception: Elephants are afraid of mice. Truth: While elephants may be startled by the darting movement of mice, they have not been proven to have a specific fear of mice.Misconception: Elephants mourn their dead. Truth: Elephants demonstrate an interest in the remains of their dead, and their interactions with those remains often seem ritualistic and emotional. However, scientists have not yet determined the precise cause of this mourning process, nor have they determined the degree to which elephants understand death. Threats The main threats to the continued existence of elephants on our planet are poaching, habitat loss, and climate change. In addition to overall population loss, poaching removes a majority of bulls over the age of 30 and females over the age of 40. Animal researchers believe that the loss of older females is particularly acute, as it impacts the social networks of elephant herds. Older females are the repositories of ecological knowledge who teach calves where and how to find food and water. Although there is evidence that their social networks are restructured after the loss of the older females, orphaned calves tend to leave from their natal core groups and die alone. Poaching has decreased with the institution of international laws prohibiting them, but it does continue to be a threat to these animals. Conservation Status The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classifies African elephants as vulnerable, while the ECOS Environmental Conservation Online System classifies them as threatened. According to the Great Elephant Census of 2016, there are approximately 350,000 African savanna elephants located in 30 countries. Between 2011 and 2013, more than 100,000 elephants were killed, mostly by poachers seeking their tusks for ivory. The African Wildlife Foundation estimates there are 415,000 African elephants in 37 countries, including both savanna and forest subspecies, and that 8 percent are killed by poachers annually. Sunshine Seeds/Getty Images Sources Blanc, J. Loxodonta africana. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T12392A3339343, 2008.Elephant. African Wildlife Foundation.  Foley, Charles A. H., and Lisa J. Faust. Rapid Population Growth in an Elephant Loxodonta Africana Population Recovering from Poaching in Tarangire National Park, Tanzania. Oryx 44.2 (2010): 205–12. Print.Goldenberg, Shifra Z., and George Wittemyer. Orphaning and Natal Group Dispersal Are Associated with Social Costs in Female Elephants. Animal Behaviour 143 (2018): 1–8. Print.Kohi, Edward M., et al. African Elephants (Loxodonta Africana) Amplify Browse Heterogeneity in African Savanna. Biotropica 43.6 (2011): 711–21. Print.McComb, Karen, et al. Matriarchs as Repositories of Social Knowledge in African Elephants. Science 292.5516 (2001): 491–94. Print.Tchamba, Martin N., et al. Plant Biomass Density as an Indicator of Food Supply for Elephants (Loxodonta Africana) in Waza National Park, Cameroon. Tropical Conservation Scie nce 7.4 (2014): 747–64. Print. The Status of African elephants. World Wildlife Magazine, Winter 2018.Wato, Yussuf A., et al. Prolonged Drought Results in Starvation of African Elephant (Loxodonta Africana). Biological Conservation 203 (2016): 89–96. Print.Wittemyer, G., and W. M. Getz. Hierarchical Dominance Structure and Social Organization in African Elephants, Loxodonta Africana. Animal Behaviour 73.4 (2007): 671–81. Print.

Chapels and Chaplains

Chapels and Chaplains Chapels and Chaplains Chapels and Chaplains By Maeve Maddox Because I think of chapel as word with distinctly Christian connotations, I was startled to hear a radio spot announcement for a â€Å"Jewish Funeral Chapel.† Naturally I headed straight for the OED. Chapel has an interesting history and several meanings, including one that can mean â€Å"any place set aside for private worship or meditation.† Chapel derives from Latin cappella, â€Å"little cloak† and took on its religious significance from a saint’s relic: the cloak of Saint Martin of Tours (316-397). Born in Hungary, Martin was conscripted into the Roman army and deployed to Gaul (now France), On his way to Amiens on a cold day, Martin came upon an nearly naked beggar. Impulsively, he whipped off his military cloak, sliced it in two with his sword, and gave half to the beggar. From a big cloak, it had become a little cloak. Martin went on to become Bishop of Tours and a saint of the Roman Catholic Church. The Merovingian kings of FranceClovis, Dagobert, Pepin and that lotpreserved what they believed to be Saint Martin’s capella. They kept it in a reliquary in a royal oratory near Tours. It was considered to be so holy that oaths were sworn on it. Sometimes it was carried into battle by the king. On those occasions, small temporary structures were built to house it; people took to calling these shelters capella, because of the little cloak that lay within. The priest who travelled with the army to look after the relic was called a cappellanu. Eventually, any priest who traveled with the military to attend to their spiritual needs was called by that name, which has evolved into the English word chaplain. A chapel can refer to a free-standing structure or a room in a house, embassy, college, school, prison, funeral home, or any other institution. It can be a place of worship for any religious group. In the 18th century, chapel referred to the meeting houses of sectarians outside the established church, such as Roman Catholics and Methodists. In Silas Marner by George Eliot, the title character belongs to a chapel in an industrial city. Chapel can also mean a religious service. For example, â€Å"All students are required to attend chapel in the auditorium on Thursdays.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Redundant Phrases to AvoidIn Search of a 4-Dot EllipsisContinue and "Continue on"

ExxonMobil Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

ExxonMobil - Essay Example In 38 countries Exxon has its exploration and production utilities and in 23 countries they have the production operation. The company has 38 refineries around the world. Close to 90% chemical business of Exxon is ranked first or second in the world, and they are the market leader in this field. ExxonMobil has invested $5 billion over the last five years in technological up-gradation (About Us, n.d.) Upstream In petroleum industry upstream indicates operation like search, recovery and production of crude oil and natural gas. This sector is also known as Exploration and Production sector. Under this division ExxonMobil have the following units- Earning from the upper stream as in 2008 was recorded $35.4 billion. The return on average capital in 2008 was 54% and earning per oil-equivalent barrel was $24.67. The total liquid production and the natural production which was available for sale was 3.9 million oil equivalent per day. The upstream capital and exploration spending was $19.7 billion. The graph indicates that the earnings from the upper division have been increasing constantly. In the year 2007, the earnings were $26497 million which further increased to $35402 by the year 2008. This indicates a sharp rise of 33.61%. This was possible because of the fact that the company managed to increase their production by 3.2 billion barrel oil equivalent per year through out the last five years. The finding and the resource acquisition cost has been gone to $0.66 per barrel which might go high in the coming years. If this happens then the company’s cost of production will go high leading resulting lower earnings in the future. The portfolio of ExxonMobil is one of the largest in the world which includes several units situated in the highly diversified region like extreme deep water heavy oil/oil sand, unconventional gas, arctic, liquefied natural gas, acid on sour

Evaluating potential international relations challenges Essay

Evaluating potential international relations challenges - Essay Example From time to time, different countries have similar state interests. For instance, two countries might all want to nurture peace and commercial processes. Similarly, countries with different interests will often try to solve the conflicts (Hay, 2002). This paper will assess the potential international relations challenges and apply them to foreign policy. One of the major concerns of international relations is to examine how country behaviors and this can be examined in different levels of analysis (Hay, 2002). The system level of analysis examines states behavior in relation to other countries by looking at the international system. At this point of analysis, the intercontinental system is the source of a state’s behavior is the consequence (Dornelles, 2010). Features of the system make countries act in a given way. Transformation in the system will instigate transformation in government behavior. The main variable in the intercontinental system is the influence of a country within the organization. Some countries are influential, and others are extremely feeble (Hay, 2002). For instance, during the cold war, some countries were powerful and influential. The main cause of cold was that the USSR and U.S. were two influential countries in the region. Currently, other states define the performance of all countries in the region (Dornelles, 2010). Therefore, this level of analysis may rationalize the US involvement in Iraq as a powerful government and only influential government, activating its strength to law enforcement agency of the domain against countries that intimidate them. The states preserve its dominance by destroying all its challenges (Hay, 2002). The state level of analysis looks at a countries’ behavior in relation to its foreign policy. For example, all democratic states have a certain manner of behaving towards other democratic states (Hay, 2002). Other researchers argue that the different conducts of strong or weak countries influence